Dr. Kai has been involved in Emergency and Disaster Medicine for over 40 years. After the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, he and his colleagues established a new Japanese disaster medical strategy and the Japan-DMAT system. He also worked as chairperson of Japan Disaster Relief Medical Teams, as a senior researcher of Disaster Reduction and Human Renovation Institute in Kobe for a long time, and also as course manager on JICA Disaster and Emergency Medicine training course over 20 years, with over 400 medical personnel participating in this course across the world.